Varicose veins are a disease in which they expand and reduce the elasticity of the walls.The disease arises from impaired drainage from the veins;Most often the disease is localized in the lower extremities.This is the most common pathological condition that occurs in vascular diseases.It occurs many times more frequently in women than in men.
Varicose veins can occur in women with enlargement of the pelvic veins, in men in the form of a varicocele, and in any person in the form of hemorrhoids.Pregnancy is often a triggering factor for the development of this disease, as changes in blood rheology towards thickening, as well as increased pressure from the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease arises due to insufficiency of the venous valves, changes in the vascular wall (its expansion, reduced elasticity).
How do varicose veins manifest themselves?
This pathological process does not begin suddenly, but initially the symptoms of varicose veins are atypical and can be attributed to ordinary fatigue.The overfilling of the veins with blood causes a feeling of heaviness in the legs and when walking and standing for long periods of time, symptoms of fatigue occur more quickly than before.
At this stage, the treatment and prevention of the disease is most effective, but many people do not pay attention to this and therefore usually consult a doctor in already very advanced cases.
The formation of vascular networks in the form of “stars” or “bundles” begins to cause some discomfort, since many women, in addition to increased fatigue and the appearance of swelling, are also worried that the appearance of the legs becomes less aesthetic.
The stagnation of blood in the vessels does not go away on its own, so the disease progresses.As a result, the swelling becomes stronger, it does not disappear after taking a horizontal position, muscle pain appears, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of cramps in the legs, which are especially characteristic of this disease, the skin of the legs dries up and becomes irritated.
At the same time, veins stand out, clearly visible under the skin, like blue strands, some of them change shape, become denser and more winding.The patient is worried about changes in skin color and itching.When phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, becomes harder, and the skin in the area becomes red.
With varicose veins in the pelvis, pain most often occurs in the lower abdomen, which is characterized by an increase when lifting heavy objects, before the onset of menstruation and during sexual intercourse.All of these situations lead to increased blood flow and increased congestion.Pregnancy and childbirth are triggers for the development of varicose veins in the pelvis.
Characteristics of circulatory disorders in the deep veins
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that causes problems only to the fairer sex, but this is not the case.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart occurs through the deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, in which a phenomenon such as deep varicose veins predominates, do not differ from other variants of the disease: feelings of heaviness appear in the legs, swelling occurs, which increases as pathological changes progress, and later there is a change in skin color and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area.
There are cases in which varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower extremities develop secondarily as a result of congestion of all veins, since outflow disorders in the superficial vessels lead to increased load on the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
The treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic and surgical.You can relieve the disease conservatively if the changes in the veins are not too pronounced;There are venotonics, ointments and gels for topical use.All of this is combined with wearing compression stockings.
Surgical methods include many methods for radical relief of severe varicose veins.These include phlebectomy, crossectomy and vein extraction.Modern methods include endoscopic venous surgery.