The predisposition of women is explained by a cyclical increase in the expansion of the venous walls and the softening of the valves with an increase in concentration of the hormone progesteron.
Reasons:
Main factors for varicose veins are hereditary weakness of the vessel wall.
In additionEffort;
- weightlifting;
- reception of estrogen -containing medication.
- The risk of varicose veins of the veins of the lower extremities increases with age.But more and more patients are younger than 30 years old.
- Manifestations of varicose veins:
Mostly the patients in varicose veins are concerned about the feeling of severity, bursting, heat, itching, "fear" in the legs and painful, pulsating pain in the calf muscles.A characteristic feature of this sign is their appearance after a long standing.As a rule, unpleasant sensations are completely passed or their intensity is significantly reduced when walking, in a lying position, after a night's rest or when using medical compression products.Unfortunately, there is an opinion that vascular stars are a manifestation of varicose veins.However, it is worth noting that this is not an absolute sign of the disease and a purely cosmetic problem in many ways.Such signs can be on the skin with varicose veins, but mostly can also be found in healthy people.
Manifestationen von Krampfadern:
Meistens sind die Patienten bei Krampfadern besorgt über das Gefühl von Schweregrad, Platzen, Hitze, Juckreiz, „Angst“ in den Beinen und schmerzenden, pulsierenden Schmerzen in den Wadenmuskeln. Ein charakteristisches Merkmal dieser Zeichen ist ihr Erscheinungsbild nach längerem Stehen. In der Regel vergehen unangenehme Empfindungen vollständig oder ihre Intensität wird beim Gehen, in einer Lügenposition, nach einer Nachtruhe oder bei der Verwendung medizinischer Komprimierungsprodukte erheblich reduziert.
Ein wichtiges Zeichen der Krankheit sind Krämpfe in den Wadenmuskeln, die normalerweise nachts auftreten.
Die subkutanen Venen expandieren in Form von überzeugenden blauen Konglomeraten entlang des Unterbeins und des Oberschenkels. Leider gibt es die Meinung, dass Gefäßsterne eine Manifestation von Krampfadern sind. Es ist jedoch erwähnenswert, dass dies kein absolutes Zeichen der Krankheit ist und in vielerlei Hinsicht ein rein kosmetisches Problem. Solche Anzeichen können mit Krampfadern auf der Haut sein, aber zum größten Teil sind auch bei gesunden Menschen zu finden.
When varicose veins develop, violations of the skin of the lower leg develop.First, areas with excess color occur, subcutaneous tissue and skin are compressed a little later, the latter acquires a characteristic "painted" look.In the middle of the painted skin area, a small white area appears in response to a minimal injury that subtly resembles Starins.This is the so -called white skin atrophy, according to which a trophic ulcer opens.
A violation of the skin of the skin is a sign of a chronic venous deficiency, which also includes symmetrical edema on the legs.
Diagnostics:
Ultrasound (colored duplex -scan) - "gold standard" in diagnosis of varicose veins of the veins of the lower extremities.An ultrasound specialist must necessarily examine the vessels of the legs on both sides.It evaluates its diameter, compressibility, blood flow and the value of the return flow (reverse blood flow).The work of VA valves is not only in the position of the patient in the lies, but also when standing.
X -Ray and contrast phlebography were previously regarded as the main methods for instrumental diagnosis of varicose veins, but at the moment they have remained wide in the past.Do not try to be treated yourself - consult your doctor
The modern treatment of varicose veins includes surgical intervention, sclerotherapy, compression treatment and the use of various medicines.
Operation
Surgical treatment is the only way to improve the quality of life, reduce the risk of complications and the likelihood of relapse to illness.It is to remove varicose veins and eliminate pathological reverse currents.There are 2 types of interventions:
The thermal prison is a minimal invasive (without cuts) treatment method that exists in the "adhesion" of the veins from the inside with a laser or radio frequency sensor.
The traditional surgical intervention includes the excision of varicose veins.At the moment, the technology of such interventions is sufficiently developed and enables you to achieve a good functional and cosmetic result.
- Die traditionelle chirurgische Intervention beinhaltet die Exzision von Krampfadern. Derzeit wird die Technik solcher Interventionen ausreichend ausgearbeitet und ermöglicht es Ihnen, ein gutes funktionelles und kosmetisches Ergebnis zu erzielen.
Separately regarded as sclerotherapy as a method of surgical treatment.It successfully complements and replaces the operation in some cases (the initial stages of varicose veins).The procedure is the introduction of a special medicine into a varicose vein that is from the inside.
Compression treatment of varicose veins
elastic associations: advantages and disadvantages of
compression therapy is a mandatory component of a method for the treatment of varicose veins and the most effective method for preventing.
For compression treatment, elastic bandages are used most frequently,Depending on the stretching into 3 classes:
- short (association of no more than 70 % of the initial size),
- average (area of the increase in the initial stretch in the range of 70–140 %),
- long (140 % and higher) expandability.
The classes are mandatory when packing the association and they are the necessary features for the correct choice of product.
It is advisable, in the next postoperativePeriod to use bandages with a long extension to stop the blood and reliable fixation of the association.In order to ensure the optimal therapeutic compression regime, associations of short and medium extensiveness are best suited.
When using an elastic association, the following rules should be followed:
- The association is used to contain the foot "on itself" to prevent the formation of wrinkles in the ankle area that can damage the skin when moving.
- This always starts from the fingers of the fingers of the foot and catches the heel.Association roller is not swiveled while it is in the immediate vicinity of the skin.
- The modeling of the cylindrical profile of the limb is achieved by placing foam or latex cushions.
- Most patients with varicose veins should use an elastic bandage all day long before lifting it out of bed and taking off in the evening before the night rest.For the treatment of trophic ulcers, multi-layered compression bands can be used that are not removed for long, while directly with the affected area of the skin of the lower leg, bandages impregnated with drug substances (zinc dimensional, zinc oxygen, etc.).Additional fixation of compression straps takes place with special sticky bandages.
- Despite the high efficiency, compression treatment with elastic bandages has obvious disadvantages - which leads to physical and aesthetic inconvenience.In addition, it is very difficult for older people to breed themselves and watch all the rules.
Die meisten Patienten mit Krampfadern sollten den ganzen Tag über einen elastischen Verband verwenden und es am Morgen anwenden, bevor sie aus dem Bett heben und abends vor der Nachtruhe abheben. Für die Behandlung von trophischen Geschwüren können mehrschichtige Kompressionsbänder verwendet werden, die nicht lange entfernt werden, während direkt mit dem betroffenen Bereich der Haut des Unterbeins, bandages mit Arzneimittelsubstanzen imprägniert (zinkdimensional, Zink-Sauerstoff usw.). Zusätzliche Fixierung von Kompressionsbändern erfolgt mit speziellen klebrigen Bandagen.
Trotz der hohen Effizienz hat die Kompressionsbehandlung mit elastischen Bandagen offensichtliche Nachteile - was zu körperlichen und ästhetischen Unannehmlichkeiten führt. Darüber hinaus ist es für ältere Menschen sehr schwierig, sich selbst zu züchten und alle Regeln zu beobachten.
Compression knitting paths
Special compression knitting paths gain great popularity.It is depicted by stockings to the lower, medium and upper thighs and tights (including special tights for pregnant women) by four compression classes.
Such knitted goods consist of cotton, natural rubber - elastan and synthetic rubber.Natural fibers are optimal for sensitive and affected (KramiKse eczema, dermatitis, trophic diseases) of the skin.With regard to synthetic fibers, their advantages are a small diameter and a variety of colors that enable medical knitting with high aesthetic properties.
Medicine therapy of varicose veins
The main objectives of drug therapy are the elimination of subjective symptoms of venous insufficiency as well as the prevention and reduction of the severity of surgical interventions.
The main preparations for the treatment of varicose veins are medication that are similar in their properties.They should only be taken under the control of the treating doctor.According to the investigation, the security of the consumption of such medicinal products was only detected for short therapy courses.In the long term it is possible not to appear seriously, but unpleasant side effects, such as stomach -intestine disorders.
Usually a week after the start of reception, a positive dynamic occurs: night cramps, pain, severity passport, swelling.It is believed that the minimum duration of the course should be at least 2 months.In severe forms of varicose veins, taking the drug can be continued for up to six months or more.A serious disadvantage of the uncontrolled application of local medicinal products is a high frequency of skin complications in the form of peel, dermatitis and eczema, which are caused by increasing sensitivity when using the same means.At the beginning of use, light skin irritation and the peel phenomenon to the consumers of the drug are possible.
Additional therapy
In some countries, physiotherapeutic treatment methods are widespread.In order to combat such symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities such as pain and cramps in the calf muscles, you can use the method of electrical stimulation of the legs of the legs.Other methods of physiotherapy have no evidence of the effectiveness of the treatment of this disease.
. Zu Beginn des Gebrauchs sind leichte Hautreizungen und das Schälenphänomen an den Konsumenten des Arzneimittels möglich.
Zusätzliche Therapie
In einigen Ländern sind physiotherapeutische Behandlungsmethoden weit verbreitet. Um solche Symptome von Krampfadern der unteren Extremitäten wie Schmerzen und Krämpfe in den Wadenmuskeln zu bekämpfen, können Sie die Methode der elektrischen Stimulation der Beine der Beine verwenden. Andere Methoden der Physiotherapie haben keine Hinweise auf die Wirksamkeit der Behandlung dieser Krankheit.
Cramp prevention:
The rational organization of work and calm is required for all patients in varicose veins.This category of patients is not recommended for work that are associated with a long stay in the standing or seating position, lifting weights and the effects of the high temperature.At work and at home you need a regular vacation with 15 to 20 degrees, which is increased at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees (while sleep is recommended to increase the foot end of the bed above the level of the heart), rational nutrition without consuming spicy and salty foods and alcohol.The body weight should be strictly controlled because obesity leads to the progress of the disease.
However, under the conditions of elastic compression, mobile sports (skiing, cycling) may be provided optimal conditions for venous drain and muscle training of the lower extremities by swimming.